Overview: The Holy Land of Guru Nanak
Tucked away in the Terai region of the Kumaon Himalayas, Nanakmatta is a historical town of profound spiritual significance. Named after the sacred Gurdwara Nanak Mata Sahib, this tranquil town in the Udham Singh Nagar district is one of the three holiest Sikh pilgrimage sites in Uttarakhand, alongside Hemkunt Sahib and Reetha Sahib.
The town’s name itself is a testament to its divine connection—it was renamed Nanakmatta to perpetuate the memory of Guru Nanak Dev’s visit. Previously known as Gorakhmata, a centre for Siddh-yogis and followers of Guru Gorakhnath, the town was transformed when Guru Nanak Dev visited in 1514 AD during his third Udasi (travels), bringing with him a message of true meditation, equality, and devotion to the One Supreme Power.
Today, Nanakmatta is a place where spirituality and peace converge. The magnificent Gurdwara Nanakmatta Sahib, spread over a large area with majestic white architecture, stands as a beacon of faith, attracting thousands of devotees from across the country throughout the year. The sacred Nanak Sagar, a picturesque reservoir formed by damming the Deoha stream, further enhances the spiritual aura of this serene town.
Whether you are a devout pilgrim seeking blessings, a history enthusiast tracing the footsteps of Guru Nanak, or a traveller looking for a peaceful retreat amidst nature, Nanakmatta promises a journey of spiritual discovery and inner peace.
Key Information at a Glance
History of Nanakmatta
The Transformation from Gorakhmata to Nanakmatta
Nanakmatta’s history is a fascinating tale of spiritual transformation. Before the arrival of Guru Nanak Dev, this place was known as Gorakhmata—a centre for Siddh-yogis and followers of Guru Gorakhnath. The yogis who lived here were known for their occult powers and reportedly restricted common people from gaining knowledge.
According to Sikh tradition, Guru Nanak Dev visited this place in 1514 AD during his third Udasi (travels). At that time, the place was the abode of devotees of Guru Gorakhnath. Guru Nanak engaged in a long and profound discourse with the Siddhas on matters of religion and metaphysics, which is recorded in the Siddh-Gost within the Guru Granth Sahib. His wisdom and divine presence dissolved the ego and false pride of the yogis, transforming the place into a beacon of Sikh spirituality. To perpetuate the memory of the Guru’s visit, the town was renamed Nanakmatta.
The Construction of the Gurudwara
Before 1937, the gurudwara was maintained by mahants (custodians). A small gurudwara was initially constructed by the local people. The land for the Gurudwara was generously donated by Nawab Mehndi Ali Khan. The major construction, known as Karsewa (voluntary service), began in 1975. Today, the Gurudwara building is adorned with marble and stands as a magnificent symbol of Sikh faith and devotion.
Geography of Nanakmatta
Location and Topography
Nanakmatta is located in the Udham Singh Nagar district of Uttarakhand, in the Kumaon region of the Himalayas. It is situated on the banks of the Deoha stream, which has since been dammed into a picturesque reservoir named Nanak Sagar.
Physical Features
Nanakmatta lies in the Terai region, a lowland belt of marshy grasslands, savannas, and forests at the base of the Himalayas. The area is characterised by:
- The Nanak Sagar Reservoir — a man-made lake created by the Nanak Sagar Dam on the Saryu River, offering a tranquil setting for relaxation
- Lush greenery — the region is adorned with radiant streams, vast lakes, profuse vegetation, and rich forests
- Proximity to the India-Nepal border — making it a popular stopover for pilgrims and tourists
Flora and Fauna of Nanakmatta
Flora — A Botanical Paradise
The Nanakmatta region is blessed with rich natural resources and profuse vegetation. The area around Nanak Sagar is particularly noted for its scenic beauty, with lush greenery surrounding the reservoir.
Fauna — A Haven for Birdwatchers
Nanakmatta is a paradise for nature lovers and bird watchers. The Nanak Sagar, an artificial lake created near the Gurudwara, is a frequent haunt for bird watchers as many migratory birds make Nanak Sagar their breeding place for the winter.
Biodiversity
In 2025, Nanakmatta stood 2nd in India in the City Nature Challenge, demonstrating the rich biodiversity of the region. The town recorded 2,574 unique species, showcasing both the region’s incredible biodiversity and the commitment of its citizen scientists.
Religious Beliefs and Sacred Sites
Gurdwara Nanakmatta Sahib — The Crown Jewel
The Gurdwara Nanakmatta Sahib is the spiritual heart of the town and one of the most revered Sikh shrines in Uttarakhand.
Key Features:
- Association: Primarily associated with Guru Nanak Dev and later visited by Baba Almast Sahib and Guru Hargobind Sahib
- Architecture: Majestic white marble architecture spread over a large area
- Timings: Open 24 hours; Langar (community kitchen) served daily
- Entry: Free
- Highlights: Peaceful prayer halls, sarovar (lake) view, daily Kirtan and Langar Seva, spiritual teachings and community service
Inside the complex, you’ll also find historically important locations associated with Guru Nanak Dev’s divine acts. The sacred Nanak Sagar beside the Gurudwara enhances the spiritual aura of the place.
Baoli Sahib
Located near Nanak Sagar Dam on the banks of the Ghaghar River, about 2 km from Nanakmatta Gurudwara, Baoli Sahib is associated with Guru Nanak Dev. According to legend, the yogis dried up the water in the whole area by their magical powers and challenged Guru Nanak to bring the water back.
Doodh Wala Khuan
Located near Nanakmatta Gurudwara, this “Well of Milk” has a fascinating legend attached to it. The story goes that when Bhai Mardana expressed his wish for milk to Guru Nanak, the Guru suggested he ask the yogis, who owned a large number of cows.
Peepal Tree — Sri Baba Almast ji Sahib Gurudwara
It was under this dried peepal tree that Guru Nanak meditated, turning it green with his holy powers.
Sikh Museum
The Sikh Museum in Nanakmatta provides insights into the history and heritage of Sikhism. It features various artefacts, manuscripts, and displays related to the life of Guru Nanak Dev and the history of the Sikh community.
How to Reach Nanakmatta
By Air — Nearest Airports
| Airport | Distance | Details |
|---|---|---|
| Pantnagar Airport | ~65 km | Nearest airport; connected to Delhi |
| Indira Gandhi International Airport, Delhi | ~285+ km | Major international hub |
From Pantnagar Airport:
- Taxis are easily available from Pantnagar Airport to Nanakmatta
- Pantnagar is connected to Delhi with regular flights
By Train — Nearest Railway Stations
| Station | Distance | Details |
|---|---|---|
| Khatima Railway Station | 15–18 km | Nearest station |
| Kathgodam Railway Station | ~80 km | Major station |
| Tanakpur Railway Station | ~40 km | Alternative station |
From Khatima to Nanakmatta:
By Road (Most Popular)
| Route | Distance | Travel Time |
|---|---|---|
| Delhi → Nanakmatta | ~285–396 km | 4–9 hours |
| Rudrapur → Nanakmatta | 56 km | ~1.5 hours |
| Khatima → Nanakmatta | 15 km | ~30 minutes |
Route from Delhi:
Delhi → Moradabad → Rampur → Rudrapur → Sitarganj → Nanakmatta
Transport Options:
- Private Taxi: Most convenient and flexible
- State Transport Buses: Regular bus services available from Khatima and Rudrapur to Nanakmatta
- Self-Drive: Well-maintained roads; the drive through villages and fields of sugarcane and mustard is picturesque and rejuvenating
Road Connectivity:
Nanakmatta is located on the Rudrapur-Tanakpur route, making it well-connected to major towns in Uttarakhand.
Distance from Major Cities
| City | Distance to Nanakmatta | Travel Time |
|---|---|---|
| Delhi | ~285–396 km | 4–9 hours |
| Dehradun | 268 km | 5–6 hours |
| Rudrapur | 56 km | 1.5 hours |
| Khatima | 15 km | 30 minutes |
| Sitarganj | 12 km | 20 minutes |
| Tanakpur | ~40 km | 1 hour |
| Haldwani | ~90 km | 2.5 hours |
Weather and Best Time to Visit
Climate Overview
Nanakmatta experiences a subtropical climate with warm summers and cool winters. The town is located in the Terai lowlands, which are generally warmer than the higher Himalayan regions.
Seasonal Breakdown
| Season | Months | Temperature | Conditions | Suitability |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Winter (Peak) | October–March | 16°C – 25°C | Cool, pleasant, ideal for pilgrimage | ⭐ Best |
| Summer | April–June | 20°C – 35°C | Warm, manageable | ⭐ Good |
| Monsoon | July–September | 25°C – 32°C | Heavy rainfall, humid | ⭐ Moderate |
Best Time to Visit by Season
| Season | Months | Suitability | Best For |
|---|---|---|---|
| Winter | October–March | ⭐ Best | Pleasant weather, pilgrimage, spiritual retreat |
| Summer | April–June | ⭐ Good | Warm but manageable, fewer crowds |
| Monsoon | July–September | ⭐ Moderate | Lush greenery, but heavy rainfall |
Festivals and Special Occasions
Packing Guide
| Category | Items |
|---|---|
| Clothing | Light cotton clothes (summer), light woollens (winter), comfortable walking shoes |
| Essentials | Sunscreen, sunglasses, hat, power bank, camera |
| Documents | Valid ID proof (Aadhaar, Passport) |
| Seasonal | Raincoat (monsoon), scarf for Gurudwara visit |
Top Places to Visit in and Around Nanakmatta
Within Nanakmatta
Nearby Destinations
Things to Do in Nanakmatta
1. Seek Blessings at Gurdwara Nanakmatta Sahib
The primary reason for visiting Nanakmatta is to offer prayers at this historic Gurudwara. Participate in the daily prayers, listen to Kirtan, and experience the peaceful Langar Seva (community meal).
2. Explore the Sacred Sites
Visit the other spiritually significant spots:
- Baoli Sahib — site of Guru Nanak’s miraculous act
- Doodh Wala Khuan — the “Well of Milk”
- Peepal Tree — where Guru Nanak meditated
3. Relax by Nanak Sagar Lake
Spend time by the serene Nanak Sagar, an artificial lake that enhances the spiritual aura of the place. It is a perfect spot for birdwatching, as many migratory birds make it their breeding place in winter.
4. Visit the Sikh Museum
Learn about the rich history and heritage of Sikhism through artefacts, manuscripts, and displays at the Sikh Museum.
5. Picnic at Nanak Sagar Dam
The area around Nanak Sagar Dam is a perfect spot for angling and picnicking.
6. Explore Local Markets
The local markets around Nanakmatta offer a variety of traditional goods, including handicrafts, textiles, and religious items.
7. Photography
From the majestic Gurudwara to the serene lake and lush greenery, Nanakmatta offers many photography opportunities.
Accommodation Options
Discover Uttarakhand Recommendation: For a convenient stay, you can stay at the Gurudwara itself (donation-based) or in budget hotels near the Gurudwara. For more options, consider staying in Sitarganj (12 km) or Khatima (15 km).
Local Cuisine — A Taste of Nanakmatta
Nanakmatta offers simple, authentic North Indian cuisine.
Must-Try Dishes
| Dish | Description |
|---|---|
| Langar Food | Simple, nutritious community meal served at the Gurudwara |
| North Indian Cuisine | Available at local dhabas — dal, roti, sabzi |
| Tea and Snacks | Available at local restaurants |
Where to Eat
- Langar at Gurudwara: Free community meal, a must-try experience
- Local Dhabas: Simple, hearty North Indian meals
- Place of Stay: Many accommodations offer meal options
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
General Questions
Q1: What is Nanakmatta famous for?
Nanakmatta is famous for being one of the three holiest Sikh pilgrimage sites in Uttarakhand, home to the magnificent Gurdwara Nanakmatta Sahib. It is also known for the scenic Nanak Sagar Dam and its rich biodiversity.
Q2: Why is it called Nanakmatta?
The town was originally called Gorakhmata but was renamed Nanakmatta after Guru Nanak Dev visited the place in 1514 AD during his third Udasi, to perpetuate the memory of his visit.
Q3: What is the altitude of Nanakmatta?
Nanakmatta is situated at an elevation of approximately 245–298 metres (804–978 feet) above sea level.
Q4: What is the best time to visit Nanakmatta?
The best time to visit is from October to March when the weather is cool and pleasant.
Q5: How far is Nanakmatta from Delhi?
Nanakmatta is approximately 285–396 km from Delhi, taking about 4–9 hours by road.
Q6: What is the nearest railway station to Nanakmatta?
The nearest railway station is Khatima Railway Station, approximately 15–18 km away.
Q7: What is the nearest airport to Nanakmatta?
The nearest airport is Pantnagar Airport, approximately 65 km away.
Q8: What is the PIN code of Nanakmatta?
The PIN code of Nanakmatta is 262311.
Q9: What languages are spoken in Nanakmatta?
The official languages are Hindi and Punjabi. Kumaoni is also spoken in the region.
Q10: Is there accommodation available in Nanakmatta?
Yes, there are budget accommodations near the Gurudwara. The Gurudwara itself offers basic rooms for pilgrims (donation-based). For more options, consider staying in Sitarganj (12 km) or Khatima (15 km).
Q11: What is the Diwali Mela in Nanakmatta?
The Diwali Mela is one of the region’s largest fairs, attracting 5 to 10 lakh devotees. It begins two days before Diwali and lasts for ten days.
Q12: Is photography allowed inside the Gurudwara?
Photography may be restricted in prayer areas. It is advisable to ask for permission before taking photos.
Q13: What should I wear when visiting the Gurudwara?
Visitors should cover their heads before entering the complex and remove footwear at the designated area. Modest clothing is recommended.
Q14: What is the history behind Baoli Sahib?
Baoli Sahib is associated with a legend where the yogis dried up the water in the whole area by their magical powers and challenged Guru Nanak to bring the water back.
Q15: How can I book a tour to Nanakmatta?
Tours can be booked through:
- Local tour operators in Rudrapur and Khatima
- Discover Uttarakhand for customised travel packages
Plan Your Nanakmatta Visit with Discover Uttarakhand
At Discover Uttarakhand, we’ve been organising unforgettable Himalayan journeys since 1997. As a trusted local operator with deep knowledge of the Kumaon region and its spiritual sites, we offer:
✅ Customized Nanakmatta pilgrimage tour packages
✅ Combined itineraries covering Nanakmatta, Reetha Sahib, and other Sikh shrines
✅ Comfortable transport with experienced local drivers
✅ Verified accommodations in Nanakmatta and nearby towns
✅ Local guides for Gurudwara visits and sightseeing
✅ 24/7 customer support throughout your journey
Recommended Packages
| Package | Duration | Starting Point | Highlights |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nanakmatta Pilgrimage | 2 Nights / 3 Days | Delhi | Gurdwara Nanakmatta Sahib, Nanak Sagar, Baoli Sahib |
| Sikh Shrines of Uttarakhand | 4 Nights / 5 Days | Delhi | Nanakmatta, Reetha Sahib, Hemkunt Sahib |
| Kumaon Spiritual Tour | 5 Nights / 6 Days | Delhi | Nanakmatta, Nainital, Bhimtal, Sattal |
| Terai Explorer | 3 Nights / 4 Days | Delhi | Nanakmatta, Pilibhit Tiger Reserve, Champawat |
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